《黑暗之魂3》刀、劍武器原型及歷史出處解析

  混種大劍

  雖然游戲這奇怪的形制我一直認(rèn)為是普通的大劍(雙手)。

  In the early 1400's (as early as 1418) a form oflong-sword often with specially shaped grips for one or two hands, became knownas an Espée Bastarde or "bastard sword".

  混種劍是一種長(zhǎng)劍。出現(xiàn)早在1418年。通常用一只或兩只手握持。具有特殊形狀的劍柄。

  The term may derive not form the blade length, butbecause bastard-swords typically had longer handles with special"half-grips" which could be used by either one or both hands.

  之所以稱為“混種劍”并非由于劍刃的長(zhǎng)度，而是因?yàn)榛旆N劍具有額外的“半手”劍柄，既能單手握也能雙手握。

  In this sense they were neither a one-handed sword nora true great-sword/two-handed sword, and thus not a member of either"family" of sword.

  在這個(gè)意義上，混種劍既不是單手劍，也不是一把巨劍或雙手劍，因此不屬于其他的劍類。

  Evidence shows the their blade were typically tapered.

  有證據(jù)顯示典型的混種劍的劍體橫截面呈錐形的。因此有的混種劍適合劈砍，而有的適合突刺。

  Since newer types of shorter swords were coming intouse, the term "bastard-sword" came to distinguish this form oflong-sword.

  “混種劍”這一術(shù)語(yǔ)將這一武器與“長(zhǎng)劍”以及當(dāng)時(shí)正在投入使用的較短的劍區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。(混種劍長(zhǎng)度在長(zhǎng)劍和武裝劍之間)

  These handles have recognizable "waist" and"bottle" shapes (such grips were later used on the Renaissancetwo-handed sword).

  混種劍的劍柄具有可識(shí)別的“腰”和“瓶”形狀(后來(lái)，文藝復(fù)興雙手劍沿用了這些劍柄)。

  The unique bastard-sword half-grip was a versatile andpractical innovation.

  額外的“半手”劍柄這一創(chuàng)新豐富了混種劍的劍術(shù)。

  Some were intended more for cutting while others werebetter for thrusting. Bastard swords continued to be used by knights andmen-at-arms into the 1500's.

  15世紀(jì)初。騎士和戰(zhàn)士仍然使用著混種劍。

  Their hilt style leads toward the shorter cut &thrust sword forms of the Renaissance.

  混種劍劍柄的特殊形狀，直接影響一些文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的較短的劈刺劍。

  Strangely, in the early Renaissance the termbastard-sword was also sometimes used to refer to single-hand arming-swordswith compound-hilts.

  奇怪的是，在早期的文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，混種劍也有時(shí)被用來(lái)指具有復(fù)合式刀刃的單手武裝劍。

  A form ofGerman arming sword with a bastard-style compound hilt was called a"Reitschwert" ("cavalry sword") or a "Degen"("knight's sword").

  一種有混種劍式的復(fù)合式劍柄的德國(guó)武裝劍，被稱為“Reitschwert”(“騎兵劍”)或“Degen”(“騎士劍”)。

  Although these might have been forms of single-handestoc.

  雖然這種劍可能是單手版的estoc(破甲劍)。

  The familiar modern term "hand-and-a-half"was more or less coined to describe bastards swords specifically.

  諸位熟悉的現(xiàn)代術(shù)語(yǔ)“一手半劍”，多少有點(diǎn)專指混種劍。

  The term "hand-and-a-half sword" is oftenused in reference to long-swords is not historical and is sometimes misappliedto other swords...

  “手半劍”通常指歷史未出現(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)劍，也有時(shí)誤指其他劍。

  (althoughduring the late 1500's, long after such blades fell out of favor, some Germanforms of this phrase are believed to have been used).

  (在16世紀(jì)00年代后期，這時(shí)混種劍已經(jīng)失寵，一些德國(guó)劍曾經(jīng)以“手半劍”為名)。

  While there is no evidence of the term“hand-and-a-half” having been used during the Middle Ages, either in English orother languages, it does appear in the 16th century.

  無(wú)論是英文還是其他語(yǔ)言，都沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明中世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)過(guò)“一手半”這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)直到16世紀(jì)才出現(xiàn)。